{"id":18577,"date":"2020-09-09T08:12:35","date_gmt":"2020-09-09T08:12:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.xatakaciencia.com\/medio-ambiente\/vaqueros-azules-fuente-importante-contaminacion-microfibras-oceanos-lagos"},"modified":"2020-09-09T08:12:35","modified_gmt":"2020-09-09T08:12:35","slug":"los-vaqueros-azules-son-una-fuente-importante-de-contaminacion-por-microfibras-en-oceanos-y-lagos","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/forocilac.org\/en\/los-vaqueros-azules-son-una-fuente-importante-de-contaminacion-por-microfibras-en-oceanos-y-lagos\/","title":{"rendered":"Blue jeans are a major source of microfiber pollution in oceans and lakes"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\n      <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i.blogs.es\/d1503f\/zip-1268656_1920\/1024_2000.jpg\" alt=\"Los vaqueros azules son una fuente importante de contaminaci\u00f3n por microfibras en oc\u00e9anos y lagos\">\n    <\/p>\n<p>According to <a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/10.1021\/acs.estlett.0c00498\">a new study<\/a>, blue jeans are <strong>una fuente importante de contaminaci\u00f3n por microfibras en oc\u00e9anos y lagos<\/strong>. <\/p>\n<p><!-- BREAK 1 --><\/p>\n<p>Un par de jeans puede liberar m\u00e1s de 50.000 microfibras por lavado. Lo cual es un problema medioambiental relevante si tenemos en cuenta que <strong>aproximadamente la mitad de la poblaci\u00f3n mundial usa esta prenda de ropa<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><!-- BREAK 2 --><!--more--><\/p>\n<h2>polluting clothing<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Yves Saint Laurent<\/strong> querri\u0301a haber inventado los vaqueros, como confes\u00f3 en 1983 a <em>The New York Times<\/em>: \u00abTienen expresio\u0301n, modestia, sex appeal y simplicidad, todo lo que deseo en mi ropa\u00bb. No en vano, los vaqueros azules son la prenda m\u00e1s popular del mundo.<\/p>\n<p><!-- BREAK 3 --><\/p>\n<div class=\"article-asset article-asset-normal article-asset-center\">\n<div class=\"desvio-container\">\n<div class=\"desvio\">\n<div class=\"desvio-figure js-desvio-figure\">\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.xatakaciencia.com\/medio-ambiente\/empieza-a-encontrarse-miles-mascarillas-mar-que-debemos-hacer-mascarillas-usadas\" ><br \/>\n     <img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Empiezan&#x20;a&#x20;encontrarse&#x20;miles&#x20;de&#x20;mascarillas&#x20;en&#x20;el&#x20;mar&#x3A;&#x20;&#x00BF;qu&#x00E9;&#x20;debemos&#x20;hacer&#x20;con&#x20;las&#x20;mascarillas&#x20;usadas&#x3F;\" src=\"https:\/\/i.blogs.es\/defe4c\/img_jelcacho_20200313-115340_imagenes_lv_terceros_mascaras_3-k3oh--656x339-lavanguardia-web\/375_142.jpg\"><br \/>\n    <\/a>\n   <\/div>\n<div class=\"desvio-summary\">\n<div class=\"desvio-taxonomy js-desvio-taxonomy\">\n     <a href=\"https:\/\/www.xatakaciencia.com\/medio-ambiente\/empieza-a-encontrarse-miles-mascarillas-mar-que-debemos-hacer-mascarillas-usadas\" class=\"desvio-taxonomy-anchor\">In Xataka Science<\/a>\n    <\/div>\n<p>    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.xatakaciencia.com\/medio-ambiente\/empieza-a-encontrarse-miles-mascarillas-mar-que-debemos-hacer-mascarillas-usadas\" class=\"desvio-title js-desvio-title\">Thousands of masks are beginning to be found in the sea: what should we do with the used masks?<\/a>\n   <\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Las microfibras comprend\u00edan <strong>entre el 87% y el 90% de las part\u00edculas antropog\u00e9nicas<\/strong> que se encuentran en los sedimentos del archipi\u00e9lago \u00e1rtico canadiense, los Grandes Lagos Laurentian y los lagos suburbanos poco profundos en el sur de Ontario. Del veintiuno al cincuenta y uno por ciento de todas las microfibras en los sedimentos eran celulosa antropog\u00e9nicamente modificada (AC), de las cuales 40-57% eran microfibras de mezclilla \u00edndigo (12-23% de todas las microfibras analizadas). <\/p>\n<p><!-- BREAK 4 --><\/p>\n<p>Las microfibras del lavado de jeans fueron consistentes en composici\u00f3n qu\u00edmica y morfolog\u00eda con las que se encuentran en el medio ambiente. <\/p>\n<p><!-- BREAK 5 --><\/p>\n<div class=\"article-asset article-asset-normal article-asset-center\">\n<div class=\"desvio-container\">\n<div class=\"desvio\">\n<div class=\"desvio-figure js-desvio-figure\">\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.xatakaciencia.com\/medio-ambiente\/que-consumes-todo-que-comes-mucho-importante-para-medioambiente-que-crees\" ><br \/>\n     <img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Lo&#x20;que&#x20;consumes,&#x20;sobre&#x20;todo&#x20;lo&#x20;que&#x20;comes,&#x20;es&#x20;mucho&#x20;m&#x00E1;s&#x20;importante&#x20;para&#x20;el&#x20;medioambiente&#x20;de&#x20;lo&#x20;que&#x20;crees\" src=\"https:\/\/i.blogs.es\/a67980\/beverages-3105631_960_720\/375_142.jpg\"><br \/>\n    <\/a>\n   <\/div>\n<div class=\"desvio-summary\">\n<div class=\"desvio-taxonomy js-desvio-taxonomy\">\n     <a href=\"https:\/\/www.xatakaciencia.com\/medio-ambiente\/que-consumes-todo-que-comes-mucho-importante-para-medioambiente-que-crees\" class=\"desvio-taxonomy-anchor\">In Xataka Science<\/a>\n    <\/div>\n<p>    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.xatakaciencia.com\/medio-ambiente\/que-consumes-todo-que-comes-mucho-importante-para-medioambiente-que-crees\" class=\"desvio-title js-desvio-title\">What you consume, especially what you eat, is much more important for the environment than you think<\/a>\n   <\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>As\u00ed pues, seg\u00fan concluye el estudio, los vaqueros azules son un indicador de la carga generalizada de contaminaci\u00f3n antropog\u00e9nica al aumentar significativamente la acumulaci\u00f3n ambiental de microfibras desde las regiones templadas hasta las \u00e1rticas.<\/p>\n<p><!-- BREAK 6 --><\/p>\n<p>Adem\u00e1s, segu\u0301n indica <strong>Dana Thomas<\/strong> in his book <em>Fashionopolis<\/em>, fabricar un par de vaqueros requiere 70 litros de agua, 1,5 kilo-vatios de energi\u0301a y 150 gramos de productos qui\u0301micos. M\u00e1s de 4.000 millones de prendas de denim salen cada a\u00f1o de las f\u00e1bricas textiles, la mayor\u00eda te\u00f1idas de azul con \u00edndigo sint\u00e9tico fijado con un potente blanqueador que hace que resulte altamente contaminante.<\/p>\n<p><!-- BREAK 7 --><\/p>\n<div class=\"article-asset article-asset-normal article-asset-center\">\n<div class=\"desvio-container\">\n<div class=\"desvio\">\n<div class=\"desvio-figure js-desvio-figure\">\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.xatakaciencia.com\/medio-ambiente\/nueve-millones-de-personas-mueren-anualmente-a-causa-de-la-contaminacion\" ><br \/>\n     <img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Nueve&#x20;millones&#x20;de&#x20;personas&#x20;mueren&#x20;anualmente&#x20;a&#x20;causa&#x20;de&#x20;la&#x20;contaminaci&#x00F3;n\" src=\"https:\/\/i.blogs.es\/15c162\/3122549784_1c9779d235_o\/375_142.jpg\"><br \/>\n    <\/a>\n   <\/div>\n<div class=\"desvio-summary\">\n<div class=\"desvio-taxonomy js-desvio-taxonomy\">\n     <a href=\"https:\/\/www.xatakaciencia.com\/medio-ambiente\/nueve-millones-de-personas-mueren-anualmente-a-causa-de-la-contaminacion\" class=\"desvio-taxonomy-anchor\">In Xataka Science<\/a>\n    <\/div>\n<p>    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.xatakaciencia.com\/medio-ambiente\/nueve-millones-de-personas-mueren-anualmente-a-causa-de-la-contaminacion\" class=\"desvio-title js-desvio-title\">Nine million people die annually due to pollution<\/a>\n   <\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>El \u00edndigo es el \u00fanico pigmento capaz de proporcionar a los pantalones vaqueros su inconfundible coloraci\u00f3n azulada. En la actualidad se sintetiza de manera qu\u00edmica a escala mundial y se estima que anualmente se producen unas 45.000 toneladas, de las cuales el 95 % se emplean para te\u00f1ir los vaqueros.<\/p>\n<p><!-- BREAK 8 --><\/p>\n<p>Thus, <strong>se buscan alternativas m\u00e1s ecol\u00f3gicas para la fabricaci\u00f3n de este textil<\/strong>, como la planteada por un grupo de la Universidad de Berkley (EE UU) podr\u00eda haberlo conseguido, seg\u00fan <a href=\"https:\/\/www.readcube.com\/articles\/10.1038\/nchembio.2552?no_publisher_access=1&#038;r3_referer=nature&#038;referrer_host=www.nature.com\">A study<\/a> recently published in <em>Nature Chemical Biology<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p><!-- BREAK 9 --><\/p>\n<p><strong>La ropa es la segunda causa de contaminaci\u00f3n en el planeta<\/strong>, hasta el punto de que en 2015 la producci\u00f3n textil emiti\u00f3 a la atm\u00f3sfera <a href=\"https:\/\/verdeyazul.diarioinformacion.com\/impacto-de-la-ropa.html\">1.2 million tons of CO2<\/a>, es decir, m\u00e1s de lo que emitieron todos los barcos y aviones del planeta ese a\u00f1o, seg\u00fan datos de la Agencia Internacional de la Energ\u00eda.<\/p>\n<p><!-- BREAK 10 --><script>\n (function() {\n  window._JS_MODULES = window._JS_MODULES || {};\n  var headElement = document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0];\n  if (_JS_MODULES.instagram) {\n   var instagramScript = document.createElement('script');\n   instagramScript.src = 'https:\/\/platform.instagram.com\/en_US\/embeds.js';\n   instagramScript.async = true;\n   instagramScript.defer = true;\n   headElement.appendChild(instagramScript);\n  }\n })();\n<\/script><\/p>\n<p> &#8211; <br \/> The news<br \/>\n      <a href=\"https:\/\/www.xatakaciencia.com\/medio-ambiente\/vaqueros-azules-fuente-importante-contaminacion-microfibras-oceanos-lagos?utm_source=feedburner&#038;utm_medium=feed&#038;utm_campaign=09_Sep_2020\"><br \/>\n       <em> Blue jeans are a major source of microfiber pollution in oceans and lakes <\/em><br \/>\n      <\/a><br \/>\n      was originally published in<br \/>\n      <a href=\"https:\/\/www.xatakaciencia.com\/?utm_source=feedburner&#038;utm_medium=feed&#038;utm_campaign=09_Sep_2020\"><br \/>\n       <strong> Xataka Science <\/strong><br \/>\n      <\/a><br \/>\n            by <a\n       href=\"https:\/\/www.xatakaciencia.com\/autor\/sergio-parra?utm_source=feedburner&#038;utm_medium=feed&#038;utm_campaign=09_Sep_2020\"><br \/>\n       Sergio Parra<br \/>\n      <\/a><br \/>\n      . <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/feeds.feedburner.com\/~r\/xatakaciencia\/~4\/MIY17Wyk-00\" height=\"1\" width=\"1\" alt=\"\"\/><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\n      <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i.blogs.es\/d1503f\/zip-1268656_1920\/1024_2000.jpg\" alt=\"Los vaqueros azules son una fuente importante de contaminaci&oacute;n por microfibras en oc&eacute;anos y lagos\"><\/p>\n<p>According to <a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/10.1021\/acs.estlett.0c00498\">a new study<\/a>, blue jeans are <strong>a major source of microfiber pollution in oceans and lakes<\/strong>. <\/p>\n<p><!-- BREAK 1 --><\/p>\n<p>A pair of jeans can release more than 50,000 microfibers per wash. Which is a relevant environmental problem if we take into account that <strong>Approximately half of the world&#039;s population wears this item of clothing<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><!-- BREAK 2 --><!--more--><\/p>\n<h2>polluting clothing<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Yves Saint Laurent<\/strong> would like to have invented jeans, as he confessed in 1983 to <em>The New York Times<\/em>: &quot;They have expression, modesty, sex appeal and simplicity, everything I want in my clothes.&quot; Not in vain, blue jeans are the most popular garment in the world.<\/p>\n<p><!-- BREAK 3 --><\/p>\n<div>\n<div>\n<div>\n<div>\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.xatakaciencia.com\/medio-ambiente\/empieza-a-encontrarse-miles-mascarillas-mar-que-debemos-hacer-mascarillas-usadas\"><br \/>\n     <img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Empiezan a encontrarse miles de mascarillas en el mar: &iquest;qu&eacute; debemos hacer con las mascarillas usadas?\" src=\"https:\/\/i.blogs.es\/defe4c\/img_jelcacho_20200313-115340_imagenes_lv_terceros_mascaras_3-k3oh--656x339-lavanguardia-web\/375_142.jpg\"><\/a>\n   <\/div>\n<div>\n<div>\n     <a href=\"https:\/\/www.xatakaciencia.com\/medio-ambiente\/empieza-a-encontrarse-miles-mascarillas-mar-que-debemos-hacer-mascarillas-usadas\">In Xataka Science<\/a>\n    <\/div>\n<p>    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.xatakaciencia.com\/medio-ambiente\/empieza-a-encontrarse-miles-mascarillas-mar-que-debemos-hacer-mascarillas-usadas\">Thousands of masks are beginning to be found in the sea: what should we do with the used masks?<\/a>\n   <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>The microfibers included <strong>between 87% and 90% of anthropogenic particles<\/strong> found in sediments of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, the Laurentian Great Lakes, and shallow suburban lakes in southern Ontario. Twenty-one to fifty-one percent of all microfibers in the sediments were anthropogenically modified cellulose (AC), of which 40-57% were indigo denim microfibers (12-23% of all microfibers analyzed). <\/p>\n<p><!-- BREAK 4 --><\/p>\n<p>Microfibers from washed jeans were consistent in chemical composition and morphology with those found in the environment. <\/p>\n<p><!-- BREAK 5 --><\/p>\n<div>\n<div>\n<div>\n<div>\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.xatakaciencia.com\/medio-ambiente\/que-consumes-todo-que-comes-mucho-importante-para-medioambiente-que-crees\"><br \/>\n     <img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Lo que consumes, sobre todo lo que comes, es mucho m&aacute;s importante para el medioambiente de lo que crees\" src=\"https:\/\/i.blogs.es\/a67980\/beverages-3105631_960_720\/375_142.jpg\"><\/a>\n   <\/div>\n<div>\n<div>\n     <a href=\"https:\/\/www.xatakaciencia.com\/medio-ambiente\/que-consumes-todo-que-comes-mucho-importante-para-medioambiente-que-crees\">In Xataka Science<\/a>\n    <\/div>\n<p>    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.xatakaciencia.com\/medio-ambiente\/que-consumes-todo-que-comes-mucho-importante-para-medioambiente-que-crees\">What you consume, especially what you eat, is much more important for the environment than you think<\/a>\n   <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Thus, the study concludes, blue jeans are an indicator of the widespread burden of anthropogenic pollution by significantly increasing the environmental accumulation of microfibers from temperate to arctic regions.<\/p>\n<p><!-- BREAK 6 --><\/p>\n<p>Furthermore, as indicated <strong>Dana Thomas<\/strong> in his book <em>Fashionopolis<\/em>, making a pair of jeans requires 70 liters of water, 1.5 kilo-watts of energy and 150 grams of chemicals. More than 4 billion pieces of denim leave textile factories every year, most dyed blue with synthetic indigo fixed with a powerful bleach that makes it highly polluting.<\/p>\n<p><!-- BREAK 7 --><\/p>\n<div>\n<div>\n<div>\n<div>\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.xatakaciencia.com\/medio-ambiente\/nueve-millones-de-personas-mueren-anualmente-a-causa-de-la-contaminacion\"><br \/>\n     <img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Nueve millones de personas mueren anualmente a causa de la contaminaci&oacute;n\" src=\"https:\/\/i.blogs.es\/15c162\/3122549784_1c9779d235_o\/375_142.jpg\"><\/a>\n   <\/div>\n<div>\n<div>\n     <a href=\"https:\/\/www.xatakaciencia.com\/medio-ambiente\/nueve-millones-de-personas-mueren-anualmente-a-causa-de-la-contaminacion\">In Xataka Science<\/a>\n    <\/div>\n<p>    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.xatakaciencia.com\/medio-ambiente\/nueve-millones-de-personas-mueren-anualmente-a-causa-de-la-contaminacion\">Nine million people die annually due to pollution<\/a>\n   <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Indigo is the only pigment capable of giving jeans their unmistakable bluish color. It is currently synthesized chemically on a global scale and it is estimated that around 45,000 tons are produced annually, of which 95 % are used to dye jeans.<\/p>\n<p><!-- BREAK 8 --><\/p>\n<p>Thus, <strong>More ecological alternatives are being sought for the manufacture of this textile<\/strong>, like the one proposed by a group from the University of Berkley (USA) could have been achieved, according to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.readcube.com\/articles\/10.1038\/nchembio.2552?no_publisher_access=1&amp;r3_referer=nature&amp;referrer_host=www.nature.com\">A study<\/a> recently published in <em>Nature Chemical Biology<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p><!-- BREAK 9 --><\/p>\n<p><strong>Clothing is the second cause of pollution on the planet<\/strong>, to the point that in 2015 textile production emitted into the atmosphere <a href=\"https:\/\/verdeyazul.diarioinformacion.com\/impacto-de-la-ropa.html\">1.2 million tons of CO2<\/a>That is, more than all the ships and planes on the planet emitted that year, according to data from the International Energy Agency.<\/p>\n<p><!-- BREAK 10 --><\/p>\n<p> &#8211; <br \/> The news<br \/>\n      <a href=\"https:\/\/www.xatakaciencia.com\/medio-ambiente\/vaqueros-azules-fuente-importante-contaminacion-microfibras-oceanos-lagos?utm_source=feedburner&amp;utm_medium=feed&amp;utm_campaign=09_Sep_2020\"><br \/>\n       <em> Blue jeans are a major source of microfiber pollution in oceans and lakes <\/em><br \/>\n      <\/a><br \/>\n      was originally published in<br \/>\n      <a href=\"https:\/\/www.xatakaciencia.com\/?utm_source=feedburner&amp;utm_medium=feed&amp;utm_campaign=09_Sep_2020\"><br \/>\n       <strong> Xataka Science <\/strong><br \/>\n      <\/a><br \/>\n            by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.xatakaciencia.com\/autor\/sergio-parra?utm_source=feedburner&amp;utm_medium=feed&amp;utm_campaign=09_Sep_2020\"><br \/>\n       Sergio Parra<br \/>\n      <\/a><br \/>\n      . <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/feeds.feedburner.com\/~r\/xatakaciencia\/~4\/MIY17Wyk-00\" height=\"1\" width=\"1\" alt=\"\"><\/p>","protected":false},"author":19,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[125],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-18577","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-portal-3"},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/forocilac.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18577","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/forocilac.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/forocilac.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/forocilac.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/19"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/forocilac.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18577"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"http:\/\/forocilac.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18577\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18817,"href":"http:\/\/forocilac.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18577\/revisions\/18817"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/forocilac.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18577"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/forocilac.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18577"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/forocilac.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18577"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}