{"id":16204,"date":"2020-08-09T11:29:15","date_gmt":"2020-08-09T11:29:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.xatakaciencia.com\/no-te-lo-creas\/ateismo-incompatible-metodo-cientifico-este-fisico-ganador-premio-templeton"},"modified":"2020-08-09T11:29:15","modified_gmt":"2020-08-09T11:29:15","slug":"el-ateismo-es-incompatible-con-el-metodo-cientifico-segun-este-fisico-ganador-del-premio-templeton","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forocilac.org\/en\/el-ateismo-es-incompatible-con-el-metodo-cientifico-segun-este-fisico-ganador-del-premio-templeton\/","title":{"rendered":"Atheism is incompatible with the scientific method, according to this Templeton Prize-winning physicist"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\n      <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i.blogs.es\/e26d85\/marcelogleiser1_full-kwl--620x349-abc\/1024_2000.jpg\" alt=\"El ate\u00edsmo es incompatible con el m\u00e9todo cient\u00edfico, seg\u00fan este f\u00edsico ganador del Premio Templeton\">\n    <\/p>\n<p><strong>Marcelo Gleiser<\/strong> has become the first Latin American to win the <strong>Templeton Prize<\/strong>, que se otorga por &#8216;contribuci\u00f3n a la afirmaci\u00f3n de la dimensi\u00f3n espiritual de la vida&#8217;.<\/p>\n<p><!-- BREAK 1 --><\/p>\n<p>In <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scientificamerican.com\/article\/atheism-is-inconsistent-with-the-scientific-method-prizewinning-physicist-says\/\">an interview about the award<\/a>, este profesor de f\u00edsica de Dartmouth College argument\u00f3 que el ate\u00edsmo es &#8216;inconsistente con el m\u00e9todo cient\u00edfico&#8217;.<\/p>\n<p><!-- BREAK 2 --><!--more--><\/p>\n<h2>\u00bfQu\u00e9 es el ate\u00edsmo?<\/h2>\n<p>Literalmente, Gleiser argument\u00f3 de esta guisa:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>Creo que el ate\u00edsmo es incompatible con el m\u00e9todo cient\u00edfico. Lo que quiero decir con eso es, \u00bfqu\u00e9 es el ate\u00edsmo? Es una declaraci\u00f3n, una declaraci\u00f3n categ\u00f3rica que expresa la creencia en la incredulidad. &#8216;No creo, aunque no tengo pruebas a favor o en contra, simplemente no creo&#8217;. Punto. Es una declaraci\u00f3n. Pero en la ciencia realmente no hacemos declaraciones. Decimos, &#8216;Est\u00e1 bien, puedes tener una hip\u00f3tesis, tienes que tener alguna evidencia en contra o a favor de eso&#8217;. Y entonces un agn\u00f3stico dir\u00eda, mira, no tengo evidencia de Dios ni de ning\u00fan tipo de dios (\u00bfQu\u00e9 dios, en primer lugar? \u00bfLos dioses maor\u00edes, o el dios jud\u00edo, cristiano o musulm\u00e1n? \u00bfQu\u00e9 dios es ese?). Por otro lado, un agn\u00f3stico no reconocer\u00eda ning\u00fan derecho a hacer una declaraci\u00f3n final sobre algo que no conoce.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<div class=\"article-asset article-asset-normal article-asset-center\">\n<div class=\"desvio-container\">\n<div class=\"desvio\">\n<div class=\"desvio-figure js-desvio-figure\">\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.xatakaciencia.com\/psicologia\/actos-violentos-aumentan-cuando-disminuye-nivel-religiosidad-hay-matiz-importante-que-evita-que-esto-suceda\" ><br \/>\n     <img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Los&#x20;actos&#x20;violentos&#x20;aumentan&#x20;cuando&#x20;disminuye&#x20;el&#x20;nivel&#x20;de&#x20;religiosidad&#x20;&#x28;pero&#x20;hay&#x20;un&#x20;matiz&#x20;importante&#x20;que&#x20;evita&#x20;que&#x20;esto&#x20;suceda&#x29;\" src=\"https:\/\/i.blogs.es\/aa1c36\/1280px-religion_collage_updated\/375_142.jpg\"><br \/>\n    <\/a>\n   <\/div>\n<div class=\"desvio-summary\">\n<div class=\"desvio-taxonomy js-desvio-taxonomy\">\n     <a href=\"https:\/\/www.xatakaciencia.com\/psicologia\/actos-violentos-aumentan-cuando-disminuye-nivel-religiosidad-hay-matiz-importante-que-evita-que-esto-suceda\" class=\"desvio-taxonomy-anchor\">In Xataka Science<\/a>\n    <\/div>\n<p>    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.xatakaciencia.com\/psicologia\/actos-violentos-aumentan-cuando-disminuye-nivel-religiosidad-hay-matiz-importante-que-evita-que-esto-suceda\" class=\"desvio-title js-desvio-title\">Violent acts increase when the level of religiosity decreases (but there is an important nuance that prevents this from happening)<\/a>\n   <\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Gleiser nos recuerda que estamos en una &#8216;isla del conocimiento&#8217; en medio de un &#8216;oc\u00e9ano de lo desconocido&#8217;. <strong>A medida que avanza el conocimiento, nos volvemos m\u00e1s conscientes de lo que no sabemos<\/strong>. <\/p>\n<p><!-- BREAK 3 --><\/p>\n<p>Habida cuenta de todas las veces que los cient\u00edficos han dicho algo ya era seguro y luego se ha descubierto que no era as\u00ed, bien podr\u00eda resultar que la afirmaci\u00f3n &#8216;no hay Dios&#8217; podr\u00eda terminar siendo similar a decir, &#8216;Ning\u00fan globo ni ning\u00fan avi\u00f3n podr\u00e1 volar en el futuro&#8217; hace un siglo. De manera similar, el escepticismo de la afirmaci\u00f3n &#8216;X no existe&#8217; tambi\u00e9n es importante en ciencia ya que &#8216;X&#8217; podr\u00eda aparecer alg\u00fan d\u00eda.<\/p>\n<p><!-- BREAK 4 --><\/p>\n<h2>Hay que definir el ate\u00edsmo<\/h2>\n<p>Gleiser tiene raz\u00f3n. <strong>Pero la tiene porque est\u00e1 definiendo el escepticismo y, por extensi\u00f3n, el ate\u00edsmo de una forma muy restringida<\/strong>. Seguramente hay personas ateas y esc\u00e9pticas que razonan de esa manera, pero el ate\u00edsmo tambi\u00e9n se define como \u00abno pienso en esta hip\u00f3tesis porque no me aporta nada para resolver los problemas a los que me enfrento\u00bb. Es decir, que uno es ateo respecto a dios como no cree tampoco que vive en un plat\u00f3 de televisi\u00f3n y est\u00e1 siendo enga\u00f1ado continuamente, o que vive en un sue\u00f1o, o que un mago le ha hechizado y no sabe nada sobre el mundo real, o que incluso todo lo que sale en el cine es verdad pero el gobierno lo oculta.<\/p>\n<p><!-- BREAK 5 --><\/p>\n<div class=\"article-asset article-asset-normal article-asset-center\">\n<div class=\"desvio-container\">\n<div class=\"desvio\">\n<div class=\"desvio-figure js-desvio-figure\">\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.xatakaciencia.com\/no-te-lo-creas\/nueva-ley-que-permite-que-respuestas-examen-sean-cientificamente-incorrectas-se-fundan-creencias-religiosas\" ><br \/>\n     <img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Nueva&#x20;ley&#x20;que&#x20;permite&#x20;que&#x20;las&#x20;respuestas&#x20;del&#x20;examen&#x20;sean&#x20;cient&#x00ED;ficamente&#x20;incorrectas&#x20;si&#x20;se&#x20;fundan&#x20;en&#x20;creencias&#x20;religiosas\" src=\"https:\/\/i.blogs.es\/d89351\/a92ba39c364d6510520f6a706700d579_c0-201-4470-2807_s885x516\/375_142.jpg\"><br \/>\n    <\/a>\n   <\/div>\n<div class=\"desvio-summary\">\n<div class=\"desvio-taxonomy js-desvio-taxonomy\">\n     <a href=\"https:\/\/www.xatakaciencia.com\/no-te-lo-creas\/nueva-ley-que-permite-que-respuestas-examen-sean-cientificamente-incorrectas-se-fundan-creencias-religiosas\" class=\"desvio-taxonomy-anchor\">In Xataka Science<\/a>\n    <\/div>\n<p>    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.xatakaciencia.com\/no-te-lo-creas\/nueva-ley-que-permite-que-respuestas-examen-sean-cientificamente-incorrectas-se-fundan-creencias-religiosas\" class=\"desvio-title js-desvio-title\">Nueva ley que permite que las respuestas del examen sean cient\u00edficamente incorrectas si se fundan en creencias religiosas<\/a>\n   <\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Ser agn\u00f3stico ser\u00eda afirmar que todo es posible. Y eso es obvio. Todo es posible. Pero admitir que todo es posible no es lo mismo a introducir todas las posibilidades (todas y cada una de ellas, hasta el infinito) a la hora de reflexionar sobre c\u00f3mo funciona el mundo. Sencillamente, <strong>trying to climb the mountain of knowledge step by step<\/strong>, propiniendo hip\u00f3tesis humildes que podamos ir comprobando progresivamente. Proponer la hip\u00f3tesis de dios es sencillamente fijarnos ya en la cumbre, en lo m\u00e1s alto del conocimiento posible, y proponer una explicaci\u00f3n total sobre todo. Entonces \u00bfcabe mayor muestra de atrevimiento e inoperancia que proponer una hip\u00f3tesis que lo explica todo? <\/p>\n<p><!-- BREAK 6 --><\/p>\n<p>O dicho de otro modo: los ateos tambi\u00e9n son agn\u00f3sticos: por supuesto que no saben con seguridad absoluta que dios no existe, como no saben nada de forma absoluta. Lo que propone el ate\u00edsmo es que resulta una hip\u00f3tesis demasiado vaga y atrevida, am\u00e9n de poco pr\u00e1ctica, and\u00e1ndose preguntando si dios existe, si existen cuatro mil dimensiones paralelas, o <strong>if in reality we are in an extraterrestrial circus entertaining the masses without being aware of it<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><!-- BREAK 7 --><\/p>\n<p>Todo eso es posible, pero \u00bfacaso perdemos el tiempo dirimi\u00e9ndolo? No. Primero hay que falsar muchas otras hip\u00f3tesis mucho m\u00e1s plausibles y, sobre todo, asequibles para nuestro estrecho espacio de conocimiento. <\/p>\n<p><!-- BREAK 8 --><\/p>\n<div class=\"article-asset article-asset-normal article-asset-center\">\n<div class=\"desvio-container\">\n<div class=\"desvio\">\n<div class=\"desvio-figure js-desvio-figure\">\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.xatakaciencia.com\/psicologia\/diez-importantes-ventajas-para-tu-vida-ser-ateo\" ><br \/>\n     <img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Diez&#x20;importantes&#x20;ventajas&#x20;para&#x20;tu&#x20;vida&#x20;de&#x20;ser&#x20;ateo&#x20;\" src=\"https:\/\/i.blogs.es\/bfe73b\/church-window-2217785_960_720\/375_142.jpg\"><br \/>\n    <\/a>\n   <\/div>\n<div class=\"desvio-summary\">\n<div class=\"desvio-taxonomy js-desvio-taxonomy\">\n     <a href=\"https:\/\/www.xatakaciencia.com\/psicologia\/diez-importantes-ventajas-para-tu-vida-ser-ateo\" class=\"desvio-taxonomy-anchor\">In Xataka Science<\/a>\n    <\/div>\n<p>    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.xatakaciencia.com\/psicologia\/diez-importantes-ventajas-para-tu-vida-ser-ateo\" class=\"desvio-title js-desvio-title\">Ten important advantages for your life of being an atheist <\/a>\n   <\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>Bertrand Russell<\/strong> lo explic\u00f3 muy bien con <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Russell%27s_teapot\">his famous teapot<\/a>. Si bien sigue siendo cierto que la humildad puede ser algo bueno, que no sabemos lo que no sabemos y que es imposible probar la afirmaci\u00f3n negativa de que &#8216;Dios no existe&#8217;, Bertrand Russell nos recuerda que podemos ser racionales al decir que no creemos en algo de lo que no podemos refutar la existencia:<\/p>\n<p><!-- BREAK 9 --><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>Debo llamarme agn\u00f3stico; pero, para todos los prop\u00f3sitos pr\u00e1cticos, soy ateo. No creo que la existencia del Dios cristiano sea m\u00e1s probable que la existencia de los dioses del Olimpo o Valhalla. Para tomar otro ejemplo: nadie puede probar que no hay entre la Tierra y Marte una tetera de porcelana que gira en una \u00f3rbita el\u00edptica, pero nadie cree que esto sea lo suficientemente probable para ser tomado en cuenta en la pr\u00e1ctica. Creo que el Dios cristiano es igualmente improbable.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>Lo que Russell est\u00e1 diciendo es que el hecho de que un punto que se afirma sin evidencia no pueda ser refutado no significa que no sea razonable pensar que no es cierto. Adem\u00e1s, Russell coloca la carga de la prueba en la persona que hace la afirmaci\u00f3n positiva (Dios \/ la tetera existe) y <strong>no en la persona que cuestiona esa afirmaci\u00f3n<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><!-- BREAK 10 --><\/p>\n<div class=\"article-asset article-asset-normal article-asset-center\">\n<div class=\"desvio-container\">\n<div class=\"desvio\">\n<div class=\"desvio-figure js-desvio-figure\">\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.xatakaciencia.com\/psicologia\/personas-religiosas-votan-frecuencia-que-que-no\" ><br \/>\n     <img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Las&#x20;personas&#x20;religiosas&#x20;votan&#x20;con&#x20;m&#x00E1;s&#x20;frecuencia&#x20;que&#x20;las&#x20;que&#x20;no&#x20;lo&#x20;son&#x20;\" src=\"https:\/\/i.blogs.es\/452be0\/4827815756_d3b873a971_o\/375_142.jpg\"><br \/>\n    <\/a>\n   <\/div>\n<div class=\"desvio-summary\">\n<div class=\"desvio-taxonomy js-desvio-taxonomy\">\n     <a href=\"https:\/\/www.xatakaciencia.com\/psicologia\/personas-religiosas-votan-frecuencia-que-que-no\" class=\"desvio-taxonomy-anchor\">In Xataka Science<\/a>\n    <\/div>\n<p>    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.xatakaciencia.com\/psicologia\/personas-religiosas-votan-frecuencia-que-que-no\" class=\"desvio-title js-desvio-title\">Las personas religiosas votan con m\u00e1s frecuencia que las que no lo son <\/a>\n   <\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>El astr\u00f3nomo <strong>Carl Sagan<\/strong> propuso un argumento similar sobre la existencia de un drag\u00f3n en su garaje en su libro El mundo y sus demonios:<\/p>\n<p><!-- BREAK 11 --><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>Suponga que en serio le hago tal afirmaci\u00f3n. Seguramente querr\u00e1 comprobarlo, verlo usted mismo. Ha habido innumerables historias de dragones a lo largo de los siglos, pero ninguna evidencia real. \u00a1Qu\u00e9 oportunidad! &#8216;Muestramelo&#8217;, dices. Te llevo a mi garaje. Miras dentro y ves una escalera, latas de pintura vac\u00edas, un viejo triciclo, pero ning\u00fan drag\u00f3n. \u00bfD\u00f3nde est\u00e1 el drag\u00f3n?, preguntas. &#8216;Oh, ella est\u00e1 aqu\u00ed&#8217;, respondo, agitando vagamente. &#8216;Olvid\u00e9 mencionar que ella es un drag\u00f3n invisible.&#8217; Propones esparcir harina en el suelo del garaje para capturar las huellas del drag\u00f3n. &#8216;Buena idea&#8217;, digo, &#8216;pero este drag\u00f3n flota en el aire&#8217;. Luego, usar\u00e1s un sensor de infrarrojos para detectar el fuego invisible. &#8216;Buena idea, pero el fuego invisible tampoco tiene calor&#8217;. Pintar\u00e1s con aerosol al drag\u00f3n y lo har\u00e1s visible. &#8216;Buena idea, pero es un drag\u00f3n incorp\u00f3reo y la pintura no se pega&#8217;. Y as\u00ed. Contrarresto cada prueba f\u00edsica que propongas con una explicaci\u00f3n especial de por qu\u00e9 no funcionar\u00e1.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u00bfCu\u00e1l es la diferencia entre un drag\u00f3n flotante, incorp\u00f3reo e invisible que escupe fuego sin calor y ning\u00fan drag\u00f3n?<\/strong> Si no hay forma de refutar mi argumento, ning\u00fan experimento concebible que cuente en su contra, \u00bfqu\u00e9 significa decir que mi drag\u00f3n existe? La incapacidad para invalidar una hip\u00f3tesis no es en absoluto lo mismo que probarla como cierta. Las afirmaciones que no pueden ser probadas, las afirmaciones inmunes a la refutaci\u00f3n son verdaderamente in\u00fatiles, sea cual sea el valor que puedan tener para inspirarnos o para excitar nuestro sentido de asombro. <\/p>\n<p><!-- BREAK 12 --><\/p>\n<p>Sagan, like Russell, <strong>sostiene que la carga de la prueba recae en la persona que hace la afirmaci\u00f3n<\/strong>. Dado que no hay evidencia del drag\u00f3n, no es anticient\u00edfico decir que uno no cree que el drag\u00f3n est\u00e9 all\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p><!-- BREAK 13 --><\/p>\n<p>\u00bfEs ir demasiado lejos afirmar que Dios no existe? Eso depende de d\u00f3nde desees colocar la carga de la prueba y cu\u00e1nta evidencia (o la falta de ella) se necesita para realizar tal afirmaci\u00f3n. Dado que estamos hablando de Dios (lo m\u00e1s alucinantemente sobrenatural de lo que tenemos constancia), tal vez deber\u00edamos pedir, como m\u00ednimo, millones y millones de pruebas y quintales de evidencia. <strong>M\u00e1s que en cualquier otra cosa que hayamos podido descubrir en toda la historia de la humanidad<\/strong>. Porque afirmar que dios existe es tan atrevido como decir que existe el par\u00f3dico <a href=\"https:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pastafarismo\">Flying Spaghetti Monster Monster<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><!-- BREAK 14 --><\/p>\n<p>O dicho de otro modo: hasta los f\u00edsicos laureados deber\u00edan estudiar un poco m\u00e1s de epistemolog\u00eda. <\/p>\n<p><strong>Corolario propuesto en el siguiente v\u00eddeo<\/strong>: no creas en nada que no est\u00e9 probado, y prop\u00f3n hip\u00f3tesis que se puedan falsar (dios no es una de ellas porque ni siquiera sabemos qu\u00e9 es, solo es una palabra humana para referirnos a lo incognoscible):<\/p>\n<p><!-- BREAK 15 --><\/p>\n<div class=\"article-asset-video\">\n<div class=\"asset-content\">\n<div class=\"base-asset-video\">\n   <iframe width=\"560\" height=\"315\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/iGrhfff3y44\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n  <\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><script>\n (function() {\n  window._JS_MODULES = window._JS_MODULES || {};\n  var headElement = document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0];\n  if (_JS_MODULES.instagram) {\n   var instagramScript = document.createElement('script');\n   instagramScript.src = 'https:\/\/platform.instagram.com\/en_US\/embeds.js';\n   instagramScript.async = true;\n   instagramScript.defer = true;\n   headElement.appendChild(instagramScript);\n  }\n })();\n<\/script><\/p>\n<p> &#8211; <br \/> The news<br \/>\n      <a href=\"https:\/\/www.xatakaciencia.com\/no-te-lo-creas\/ateismo-incompatible-metodo-cientifico-este-fisico-ganador-premio-templeton?utm_source=feedburner&#038;utm_medium=feed&#038;utm_campaign=09_Aug_2020\"><br \/>\n       <em> Atheism is incompatible with the scientific method, according to this Templeton Prize-winning physicist <\/em><br \/>\n      <\/a><br \/>\n      was originally published in<br \/>\n      <a href=\"https:\/\/www.xatakaciencia.com\/?utm_source=feedburner&#038;utm_medium=feed&#038;utm_campaign=09_Aug_2020\"><br \/>\n       <strong> Xataka Science <\/strong><br \/>\n      <\/a><br \/>\n            by <a\n       href=\"https:\/\/www.xatakaciencia.com\/autor\/sergio-parra?utm_source=feedburner&#038;utm_medium=feed&#038;utm_campaign=09_Aug_2020\"><br \/>\n       Sergio Parra<br \/>\n      <\/a><br \/>\n      . <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/feeds.feedburner.com\/~r\/xatakaciencia\/~4\/V70SuQdcORc\" height=\"1\" width=\"1\" alt=\"\"\/><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\n      <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i.blogs.es\/e26d85\/marcelogleiser1_full-kwl--620x349-abc\/1024_2000.jpg\" alt=\"El ate&iacute;smo es incompatible con el m&eacute;todo cient&iacute;fico, seg&uacute;n este f&iacute;sico ganador del Premio Templeton\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>Marcelo Gleiser<\/strong> has become the first Latin American to win the <strong>Templeton Prize<\/strong>, which is awarded for &#039;contribution to the affirmation of the spiritual dimension of life&#039;.<\/p>\n<p><!-- BREAK 1 --><\/p>\n<p>In <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scientificamerican.com\/article\/atheism-is-inconsistent-with-the-scientific-method-prizewinning-physicist-says\/\">an interview about the award<\/a>, this Dartmouth College physics professor argued that atheism is &#039;inconsistent with the scientific method.&#039;<\/p>\n<p><!-- BREAK 2 --><!--more--><\/p>\n<h2>What is atheism?<\/h2>\n<p>Literally, Gleiser argued this way:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>I believe that atheism is incompatible with the scientific method. What I mean by that is, what is atheism? It is a statement, a categorical statement that expresses belief in disbelief. &#039;I don&#039;t believe, although I have no evidence for or against, I just don&#039;t believe.&#039; Spot. It&#039;s a statement. But in science we don&#039;t really make statements. We say, &#039;Okay, you can have a hypothesis, you have to have some evidence against or for that.&#039; And then an agnostic would say, look, I have no evidence of God or any kind of god (What god, first of all? The Maori gods, or the Jewish, Christian, or Muslim god? What god is that?). On the other hand, an agnostic would recognize no right to make a final statement about something he does not know.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<div>\n<div>\n<div>\n<div>\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.xatakaciencia.com\/psicologia\/actos-violentos-aumentan-cuando-disminuye-nivel-religiosidad-hay-matiz-importante-que-evita-que-esto-suceda\"><br \/>\n     <img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Los actos violentos aumentan cuando disminuye el nivel de religiosidad (pero hay un matiz importante que evita que esto suceda)\" src=\"https:\/\/i.blogs.es\/aa1c36\/1280px-religion_collage_updated\/375_142.jpg\"><\/a>\n   <\/div>\n<div>\n<div>\n     <a href=\"https:\/\/www.xatakaciencia.com\/psicologia\/actos-violentos-aumentan-cuando-disminuye-nivel-religiosidad-hay-matiz-importante-que-evita-que-esto-suceda\">In Xataka Science<\/a>\n    <\/div>\n<p>    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.xatakaciencia.com\/psicologia\/actos-violentos-aumentan-cuando-disminuye-nivel-religiosidad-hay-matiz-importante-que-evita-que-esto-suceda\">Violent acts increase when the level of religiosity decreases (but there is an important nuance that prevents this from happening)<\/a>\n   <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Gleiser reminds us that we are on an &#039;island of knowledge&#039; in the middle of an &#039;ocean of the unknown.&#039; <strong>As knowledge advances, we become more aware of what we do not know<\/strong>. <\/p>\n<p><!-- BREAK 3 --><\/p>\n<p>Given all the times that scientists have said something was already certain and then it has been discovered that it was not so, it may well turn out that the statement &#039;there is no God&#039; could end up being similar to saying, &#039;No balloon or airplane can fly in the future&#039; a century ago. Similarly, skepticism of the statement &#039;X does not exist&#039; is also important in science since &#039;X&#039; might appear one day.<\/p>\n<p><!-- BREAK 4 --><\/p>\n<h2>Atheism must be defined<\/h2>\n<p>Gleiser is right. <strong>But it does because it is defining skepticism and, by extension, atheism in a very restricted way.<\/strong>. Surely there are atheists and skeptics who reason that way, but atheism is also defined as &quot;I don&#039;t think about this hypothesis because it doesn&#039;t help me solve the problems I face.&quot; That is to say, one is an atheist regarding God in the same way that one does not believe that one lives on a television set and is continually being deceived, or that one lives in a dream, or that a magician has put a spell on one and one knows nothing about the real world, or that even everything that appears in the movies is true but the government hides it.<\/p>\n<p><!-- BREAK 5 --><\/p>\n<div>\n<div>\n<div>\n<div>\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.xatakaciencia.com\/no-te-lo-creas\/nueva-ley-que-permite-que-respuestas-examen-sean-cientificamente-incorrectas-se-fundan-creencias-religiosas\"><br \/>\n     <img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Nueva ley que permite que las respuestas del examen sean cient&iacute;ficamente incorrectas si se fundan en creencias religiosas\" src=\"https:\/\/i.blogs.es\/d89351\/a92ba39c364d6510520f6a706700d579_c0-201-4470-2807_s885x516\/375_142.jpg\"><\/a>\n   <\/div>\n<div>\n<div>\n     <a href=\"https:\/\/www.xatakaciencia.com\/no-te-lo-creas\/nueva-ley-que-permite-que-respuestas-examen-sean-cientificamente-incorrectas-se-fundan-creencias-religiosas\">In Xataka Science<\/a>\n    <\/div>\n<p>    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.xatakaciencia.com\/no-te-lo-creas\/nueva-ley-que-permite-que-respuestas-examen-sean-cientificamente-incorrectas-se-fundan-creencias-religiosas\">New law allowing test answers to be scientifically incorrect if based on religious beliefs<\/a>\n   <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>To be agnostic would be to affirm that everything is possible. And that&#039;s obvious. Everything is possible. But admitting that everything is possible is not the same as introducing all possibilities (each and every one of them, to infinity) when reflecting on how the world works. Simply, <strong>trying to climb the mountain of knowledge step by step<\/strong>, proposing humble hypotheses that we can progressively verify. Proposing the hypothesis of God is simply looking at the summit, at the highest possible level of knowledge, and proposing a total explanation for everything. So, is there any greater display of audacity and ineffectiveness than proposing a hypothesis that explains everything? <\/p>\n<p><!-- BREAK 6 --><\/p>\n<p>Or put another way: atheists are also agnostics: of course they do not know with absolute certainty that God does not exist, just as they do not know anything absolutely. What atheism proposes is that it is a hypothesis that is too vague and daring, as well as impractical, asking if God exists, if there are four thousand parallel dimensions, or <strong>if in reality we are in an extraterrestrial circus entertaining the masses without being aware of it<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><!-- BREAK 7 --><\/p>\n<p>All of this is possible, but do we waste time solving it? No. First, we must falsify many other hypotheses that are much more plausible and, above all, accessible to our narrow space of knowledge. <\/p>\n<p><!-- BREAK 8 --><\/p>\n<div>\n<div>\n<div>\n<div>\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.xatakaciencia.com\/psicologia\/diez-importantes-ventajas-para-tu-vida-ser-ateo\"><br \/>\n     <img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Diez importantes ventajas para tu vida de ser ateo \" src=\"https:\/\/i.blogs.es\/bfe73b\/church-window-2217785_960_720\/375_142.jpg\"><\/a>\n   <\/div>\n<div>\n<div>\n     <a href=\"https:\/\/www.xatakaciencia.com\/psicologia\/diez-importantes-ventajas-para-tu-vida-ser-ateo\">In Xataka Science<\/a>\n    <\/div>\n<p>    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.xatakaciencia.com\/psicologia\/diez-importantes-ventajas-para-tu-vida-ser-ateo\">Ten important advantages for your life of being an atheist <\/a>\n   <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>Bertrand Russell<\/strong> He explained it very well with <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Russell%27s_teapot\">his famous teapot<\/a>. While it remains true that humility can be a good thing, that we do not know what we do not know, and that it is impossible to prove the negative claim that &#039;God does not exist&#039;, Bertrand Russell reminds us that we can be rational in saying that we do not believe in something we cannot refute the existence of:<\/p>\n<p><!-- BREAK 9 --><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>I must call myself an agnostic; but, for all practical purposes, I am an atheist. I don&#039;t think the existence of the Christian God is any more likely than the existence of the gods of Olympus or Valhalla. To take another example: no one can prove that there is not between Earth and Mars a porcelain teapot rotating in an elliptical orbit, but no one believes that this is probable enough to be taken into account in practice. I think the Christian God is equally improbable.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>What Russell is saying is that the fact that a point asserted without evidence cannot be refuted does not mean that it is unreasonable to think that it is not true. Furthermore, Russell places the burden of proof on the person making the positive claim (God\/the teapot exists) and <strong>not on the person who questions that statement<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><!-- BREAK 10 --><\/p>\n<div>\n<div>\n<div>\n<div>\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.xatakaciencia.com\/psicologia\/personas-religiosas-votan-frecuencia-que-que-no\"><br \/>\n     <img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Las personas religiosas votan con m&aacute;s frecuencia que las que no lo son \" src=\"https:\/\/i.blogs.es\/452be0\/4827815756_d3b873a971_o\/375_142.jpg\"><\/a>\n   <\/div>\n<div>\n<div>\n     <a href=\"https:\/\/www.xatakaciencia.com\/psicologia\/personas-religiosas-votan-frecuencia-que-que-no\">In Xataka Science<\/a>\n    <\/div>\n<p>    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.xatakaciencia.com\/psicologia\/personas-religiosas-votan-frecuencia-que-que-no\">Religious people vote more often than those who are not <\/a>\n   <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>The astronomer <strong>Carl Sagan<\/strong> He proposed a similar argument about the existence of a dragon in his garage in his book The World and Its Demons:<\/p>\n<p><!-- BREAK 11 --><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>Suppose I seriously make such a statement to you. You&#039;ll probably want to check it out, see it for yourself. There have been countless stories of dragons over the centuries, but no real evidence. What an opportunity! &#039;Show me,&#039; you say. I&#039;ll take you to my garage. You look inside and see a ladder, empty paint cans, an old tricycle, but no dragon. Where is the dragon? you ask. &#039;Oh, she&#039;s here,&#039; I reply, waving vaguely. &#039;I forgot to mention that she is an invisible dragon.&#039; You propose spreading flour on the garage floor to capture the dragon&#039;s footprints. &#039;Good idea,&#039; I say, &#039;but this dragon floats in the air.&#039; Then, you will use an infrared sensor to detect the invisible fire. &#039;Good idea, but invisible fire has no heat either.&#039; You will spray paint the dragon and make it visible. &#039;Good idea, but it&#039;s a disembodied dragon and the paint doesn&#039;t stick.&#039; And so. Counter every physical test you propose with a special explanation of why it won&#039;t work.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>What&#039;s the difference between a floating, disembodied, invisible dragon that breathes fire without heat and no dragon at all?<\/strong> If there is no way to refute my argument, no conceivable experiment that counts against it, what does it mean to say that my dragon exists? The inability to invalidate a hypothesis is not at all the same as proving it true. Claims that cannot be proven, claims immune to refutation, are truly useless, whatever value they may have in inspiring us or exciting our sense of wonder. <\/p>\n<p><!-- BREAK 12 --><\/p>\n<p>Sagan, like Russell, <strong>holds that the burden of proof falls on the person making the claim<\/strong>. Since there is no evidence of the dragon, it is not unscientific to say that one does not believe the dragon is there.<\/p>\n<p><!-- BREAK 13 --><\/p>\n<p>Is it going too far to say that God does not exist? That depends on where you want to place the burden of proof and how much evidence (or lack thereof) is needed to make such a claim. Since we&#039;re talking about God (the most mind-blowingly supernatural thing we know of), perhaps we should ask for, at the very least, millions and millions of proofs and hundredweights of evidence. <strong>More than anything else we have been able to discover in the entire history of humanity<\/strong>. Because stating that God exists is as daring as saying that the parody exists <a href=\"https:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pastafarismo\">Flying Spaghetti Monster Monster<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><!-- BREAK 14 --><\/p>\n<p>Or put another way: even award-winning physicists should study a little more epistemology. <\/p>\n<p><strong>Corollary proposed in the following video<\/strong>: don&#039;t believe in anything that hasn&#039;t been proven, and propose hypotheses that can be falsified (god is not one of them because we don&#039;t even know what he is, it&#039;s just a human word to refer to the unknowable):<\/p>\n<p><!-- BREAK 15 --><\/p>\n<div>\n<div>\n<div><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p> &#8211; <br \/> The news<br \/>\n      <a href=\"https:\/\/www.xatakaciencia.com\/no-te-lo-creas\/ateismo-incompatible-metodo-cientifico-este-fisico-ganador-premio-templeton?utm_source=feedburner&amp;utm_medium=feed&amp;utm_campaign=09_Aug_2020\"><br \/>\n       <em> Atheism is incompatible with the scientific method, according to this Templeton Prize-winning physicist <\/em><br \/>\n      <\/a><br \/>\n      was originally published in<br \/>\n      <a href=\"https:\/\/www.xatakaciencia.com\/?utm_source=feedburner&amp;utm_medium=feed&amp;utm_campaign=09_Aug_2020\"><br \/>\n       <strong> Xataka Science <\/strong><br \/>\n      <\/a><br \/>\n            by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.xatakaciencia.com\/autor\/sergio-parra?utm_source=feedburner&amp;utm_medium=feed&amp;utm_campaign=09_Aug_2020\"><br \/>\n       Sergio Parra<br \/>\n      <\/a><br \/>\n      . <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/feeds.feedburner.com\/~r\/xatakaciencia\/~4\/V70SuQdcORc\" height=\"1\" width=\"1\" alt=\"\"><\/p>","protected":false},"author":19,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[125],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-16204","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-portal-3"},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forocilac.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16204","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forocilac.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forocilac.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forocilac.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/19"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forocilac.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16204"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/forocilac.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16204\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16505,"href":"https:\/\/forocilac.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16204\/revisions\/16505"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forocilac.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16204"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forocilac.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16204"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forocilac.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16204"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}