The sweetener aspartame is at the center of the debate. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) from the World Health Organization (WHO) has just classified it as a “possibly carcinogenic” for humans and, although he admits that scientific evidence is “limited” about its carcinogenic potential, there are indications of its ability to cause harm. The Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA), which is responsible for addressing these risks to the population and establishing an acceptable daily intake dose, maintains, however, the established maximum consumption thresholds: 40 milligrams per kilo of weight per day. Here we resolve the main questions about where aspartame is now and its potential to cause cancer.